Peruvian Nationality by Naturalisation
Answer
The general rule applies to you
No exception is recorded for citizens of Colombia on this topic. That is the answer, not a gap - everything below is the rule you get, unchanged.
81 exceptions recorded across 33 countries · none match Colombia to Peru · Becoming a citizen
Two consecutive years of legal residence is the shortest naturalisation clock of the four countries covered here, and Peru pairs it with an examination and a money test: gross annual income of at least ten tax units, currently 55,000 soles. The awkward part is procedural. Peru's competition authority has repeatedly declared some of Migraciones' requirements illegal barriers, and a court has suspended those rulings - so what you must actually file has changed twice in three years and is currently the longer list.
At a glance
- Residence required
- 2 consecutive years
- Examination
- Required
- Income test
- 10 UIT, stated as S/ 55,000.00 gross a yearas of 2026-01-27
Migraciones states the test as 10 UIT and puts the soles equivalent beside it on the same page. The UIT is reset each year, so the two can drift apart.
- Fee
- S/ 301.50as of 2023-10-23
Set by the TUPA approved by Decreto Supremo 008-2023-IN; the previous S/ 530.60 was struck down as an illegal barrier
- Decision time
- 30 working days, suspended during stages set by Decreto Supremo 004-97-IN
The 30 working days are Migraciones' published plazo de atención; Decreto Supremo 004-97-IN is the naturalisation regulation whose article 10 stages suspend the clock.
- Interpol check and health declaration
- Required again since 14 June 2024
Declared illegal barriers by Indecopi, then suspended by a court order in favour of the interior ministry
- Final step
- A naturalisation ceremony, an oath, then a DNI from Reniec
Requirements
- Over 18 and at least two consecutive years of legal residence in Peru before filing
- A current carné de extranjería or identity card and a valid residence status
- Pass the naturalisation examination and keep meeting the conditions throughout the procedure
- Prove gross annual income of at least 10 tax units, stated by Migraciones as S/ 55,000.00, appropriate to your migration status
- Sworn declarations of health, of real address in Peru, and of no criminal, judicial or police record in Peru or abroad
- An Interpol record check issued within the previous six months
- A birth certificate legalised or apostilled
- Documents specific to your migration status - contract and payslips for employees, company filings for investors, service contracts and fee receipts for the self-employed
In detail
The shortest clock in the region, with conditions
Argentina's two years are now defined as two years without leaving the country at all. Uruguay asks three years with family here or five without, and then the rights cannot be exercised for a further three. Colombia does not offer naturalisation on this page at all; its equivalent milestone is permanent residency, reached at two to five years depending on the route. Peru asks two consecutive years measured by its own absence rules, an examination, and an income floor - which is a real bar, but a legible one.
A requirement list that a court keeps changing
Indecopi, the competition authority, declared the Interpol record check an illegal bureaucratic barrier for naturalisation in January 2023, and in August 2023 did the same for the health declaration and for the old fee. In January 2024 the Fifth Contentious-Administrative Chamber in Lima granted the interior ministry an injunction suspending those rulings, and Migraciones has been asking for the Interpol check and the health declaration again since 14 June 2024. The fee is the one point where the change stuck, because a new schedule replaced the struck-down figure.
Country-level policy
Every Peruvian residence status, including the indefinite ones, is lost by a long enough absence - and the test is continuous absence, not a quota of days you must spend here. More than 183 consecutive days out of the country in a 365-day period, counted from your first departure, ends the status. There is a permit that suspends the rule, and it has to be applied for before the 183 days are up, which is the part that is usually discovered too late.
Most changes of migration status from inside Peru, and every naturalisation application, require a Ficha de Canje Internacional - a record check issued by Interpol's Lima office, valid for six months. Peru's competition authority twice declared it an illegal bureaucratic barrier, and a Lima court then suspended those rulings at the interior ministry's request. Migraciones has been asking for it again since June 2024. The practical lesson is that Peruvian procedure requirements can be removed and reinstated by bodies other than the one running the procedure.
What applies to you
Nothing changes for a citizen of Colombia
We have no rule recorded that treats your citizenship differently here, so the general rule above is the one that applies to you. That is an answer, not a gap.
What the law says
«Si eres una persona extranjera mayor de 18 años y tienes un mínimo de 2 años consecutivos de residencia legal en el país,»Our translation - not official
If you are a foreign person over 18 years of age and have a minimum of 2 consecutive years of legal residence in the country,
'Consecutivos' is doing the work. The residence period is broken by the same absences that end a residence status, and Migraciones points to article 63 of the regulation for how that is measured.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
Grants and adjudicates migration status and naturalisation, and publishes the procedure pages with fees, channels and decision times.
Standing: Applies the rule
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages are the agency's restatement and routinely disagree with both the legislative decree and its regulation on tourist extensions and on family permit duration. It carries thresholds that exist nowhere else and therefore cannot be corroborated; treat those as claims by the agency. Its two pages on the same regional agreement give different nationality lists, so no single page is safe as the list.
We re-read it every 90 days. More about this source
«Debes rendir tu examen de evaluación y mantener las condiciones y requisitos necesarios durante el trámite.»Our translation - not official
You must sit your assessment examination and maintain the necessary conditions and requirements throughout the procedure.
Migraciones publishes no syllabus on this page. The second half matters as much as the first: losing your residence status, or your job, during the procedure undoes the application.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
Grants and adjudicates migration status and naturalisation, and publishes the procedure pages with fees, channels and decision times.
Standing: Applies the rule
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages are the agency's restatement and routinely disagree with both the legislative decree and its regulation on tourist extensions and on family permit duration. It carries thresholds that exist nowhere else and therefore cannot be corroborated; treat those as claims by the agency. Its two pages on the same regional agreement give different nationality lists, so no single page is safe as the list.
We re-read it every 90 days. More about this source
«Acreditar solvencia económica mínima de 10 UIT o S/ 55,000.00 de renta bruta anual de acuerdo a su calidad migratoria que le permita vivir independientemente, sin afectar el orden público, orden interno y seguridad nacional.»Our translation - not official
To prove minimum financial solvency of 10 tax units or S/ 55,000.00 of gross annual income, according to your migration status, allowing you to live independently without affecting public order, internal order and national security.
The UIT is reset by the finance ministry each year, so the sol figure and the unit figure drift apart between updates. Migraciones publishes both; treat the unit as the rule and the sol amount as its restatement on the day the page was edited.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
Grants and adjudicates migration status and naturalisation, and publishes the procedure pages with fees, channels and decision times.
Standing: Applies the rule
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages are the agency's restatement and routinely disagree with both the legislative decree and its regulation on tourist extensions and on family permit duration. It carries thresholds that exist nowhere else and therefore cannot be corroborated; treat those as claims by the agency. Its two pages on the same regional agreement give different nationality lists, so no single page is safe as the list.
We re-read it every 90 days. More about this source
«se aprueba el nuevo TUPA de MIGRACIONES, que rige desde el 23.10.2023, el cual establece nuevo monto por derecho de tramitación en el procedimiento de obtención de la nacionalidad peruana por naturalización ( S/ 301.50 ), respecto del cual no recae un mandato de inaplicación, por lo que su pago resulta exigible.»Our translation - not official
the new MIGRACIONES schedule of administrative procedures is approved, in force from 23 October 2023, setting a new processing fee for the procedure to obtain Peruvian nationality by naturalisation (S/ 301.50), in respect of which no disapplication order applies, so its payment is enforceable.
Migraciones' own explanation of why one fee survived a competition-authority ruling and another did not: the ruling struck down the old figure, and the new schedule replaced it rather than reinstating it.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
Grants and adjudicates migration status and naturalisation, and publishes the procedure pages with fees, channels and decision times.
Standing: Applies the rule
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages are the agency's restatement and routinely disagree with both the legislative decree and its regulation on tourist extensions and on family permit duration. It carries thresholds that exist nowhere else and therefore cannot be corroborated; treat those as claims by the agency. Its two pages on the same regional agreement give different nationality lists, so no single page is safe as the list.
We re-read it every 90 days. More about this source
«En un plazo máximo de 30 [días hábiles](https://www.gob.pe/8283-calcular-dias-habiles-o-calendario), la entidad te enviará la resolución de tu solicitud al correo electrónico registrado. Este plazo queda suspendido en las etapas descritas por el artículo 10° del Decreto Supremo N° 004-97-IN»Our translation - not official
Within a maximum of 30 working days the authority will send the decision on your application to the email address you registered. This period is suspended during the stages described in article 10 of Decreto Supremo 004-97-IN.
The suspension matters more than the headline figure: the stages named in article 10 do not count towards the 30 days, so the elapsed time is longer than the published one.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
Grants and adjudicates migration status and naturalisation, and publishes the procedure pages with fees, channels and decision times.
Standing: Applies the rule
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages are the agency's restatement and routinely disagree with both the legislative decree and its regulation on tourist extensions and on family permit duration. It carries thresholds that exist nowhere else and therefore cannot be corroborated; treat those as claims by the agency. Its two pages on the same regional agreement give different nationality lists, so no single page is safe as the list.
We re-read it every 90 days. More about this source
Practical notes
Naturalisation is administered by Migraciones, not by a court or a ministry of justice, and is applied for through the same digital agency as residence.
Migraciones publishes no content or syllabus for the examination on this page.
The route to indefinite residence and the route to nationality are different clocks: three consecutive years for permanent residence status, two for naturalisation.
Peru also grants nationality by marriage through a separate procedure, which we have not read, and by birth to a Peruvian parent, which we have not sourced.
- administersSolicitar la nacionalidad peruana por naturalización
Superintendencia Nacional de Migraciones (Perú)
About this source
Grants and adjudicates migration status and naturalisation, and publishes the procedure pages with fees, channels and decision times.
Standing: Applies the rule
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages are the agency's restatement and routinely disagree with both the legislative decree and its regulation on tourist extensions and on family permit duration. It carries thresholds that exist nowhere else and therefore cannot be corroborated; treat those as claims by the agency. Its two pages on the same regional agreement give different nationality lists, so no single page is safe as the list.
We re-read it every 90 days. More about this source
- administersSolicitar cambio a calidad migratoria permanente residente
Superintendencia Nacional de Migraciones (Perú)
About this source
Grants and adjudicates migration status and naturalisation, and publishes the procedure pages with fees, channels and decision times.
Standing: Applies the rule
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages are the agency's restatement and routinely disagree with both the legislative decree and its regulation on tourist extensions and on family permit duration. It carries thresholds that exist nowhere else and therefore cannot be corroborated; treat those as claims by the agency. Its two pages on the same regional agreement give different nationality lists, so no single page is safe as the list.
We re-read it every 90 days. More about this source