Access to Healthcare in Venezuela
Answer
The general rule applies to you
No exception is recorded for citizens of Ecuador on this topic. That is the answer, not a gap - everything below is the rule you get, unchanged.
81 exceptions recorded across 33 countries · none match Ecuador to Venezuela · Access to healthcare
Access does not turn on your immigration status. The Constitution makes health a social right the state must guarantee and says that all persons have the right to the protection of health; the public system it requires is governed by principles that include free provision and universality. The health law repeats it from the service side: health services guarantee the protection of health to all the inhabitants of the country and work without discrimination of any kind. None of these texts distinguishes a foreigner from a national, and the immigration Act says separately that foreigners have the same rights as nationals.
At a glance
- Who the right reaches
- All persons
- Who the services reach
- All the inhabitants of the country
- Principles of the public system
- Free provision, universality, integrality, equity, social integration and solidarity
- Condition on immigration status
- None stated
Article 3 of the Ley Orgánica de Salud, quoted here, reaches all the inhabitants of the country and bars discrimination of any kind, and article 13 of the Ley de Extranjería y Migración gives foreigners the same rights as nationals. No provision we read in either law conditions access on status.
- Can public health services be privatised
- No - the Constitution says the goods and services are state property and may not be privatised
Requirements
- Nothing in the constitutional or statutory texts conditions access on nationality or on immigration status
What applies to you
Nothing changes for a citizen of Ecuador
We have no rule recorded that treats your citizenship differently here, so the general rule above is the one that applies to you. That is an answer, not a gap.
What the law says
«La salud es un derecho social fundamental, obligación del Estado, que lo garantizará como parte del derecho a la vida.»Our translation - not official
Health is a fundamental social right and an obligation of the State, which shall guarantee it as part of the right to life.
About this source
The OAS legal portal republishes the constitutions and some statutes of member states. It carries the Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as Chapter 2 of the Laws of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Revised Edition 1990, printing United Kingdom S.I. 1979 No. 916 as amended by Act 21 of 1986 and Act 15 of 1988 - the only copy of the Vincentian Constitution with a text layer that we could reach, the House of Assembly's own copy being an imageless scan.
Standing: Reports, establishes nothing
Cannot be cited for: It is a republisher and must never be cited for currency: the file is the 1990 edition, while Saint Vincent's own Acts now cite the Revised Edition 2009, in which chapter numbers have moved. The PDF is a two-up optical recognition of a printed book and its text layer carries recognition errors, so every quotation taken from it must be declared as a recognition and must be left with its errors intact. It must not be cited for any instrument other than the one it reproduces.
We re-read it every 365 days. More about this source
«Todas las personas tienen derecho a la protección de la salud, así como el deber de participar activamente en su promoción y defensa, y el de cumplir con las medidas sanitarias y de saneamiento que establezca la ley»Our translation - not official
All persons have the right to the protection of health, as well as the duty to take an active part in promoting and defending it and to comply with the health and sanitation measures laid down by law.
About this source
The OAS legal portal republishes the constitutions and some statutes of member states. It carries the Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as Chapter 2 of the Laws of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Revised Edition 1990, printing United Kingdom S.I. 1979 No. 916 as amended by Act 21 of 1986 and Act 15 of 1988 - the only copy of the Vincentian Constitution with a text layer that we could reach, the House of Assembly's own copy being an imageless scan.
Standing: Reports, establishes nothing
Cannot be cited for: It is a republisher and must never be cited for currency: the file is the 1990 edition, while Saint Vincent's own Acts now cite the Revised Edition 2009, in which chapter numbers have moved. The PDF is a two-up optical recognition of a printed book and its text layer carries recognition errors, so every quotation taken from it must be declared as a recognition and must be left with its errors intact. It must not be cited for any instrument other than the one it reproduces.
We re-read it every 365 days. More about this source
«el Estado creará, ejercerá la rectoría y gestionará un sistema público nacional de salud, de carácter intersectorial, descentralizado y participativo, integrado al sistema de seguridad social, regido por los principios de gratuidad, universalidad, integralidad, equidad, integración social y solidaridad.»Our translation - not official
The State shall create, direct and manage a national public health system that is intersectoral, decentralised and participatory, integrated into the social security system, governed by the principles of free provision, universality, integrality, equity, social integration and solidarity.
About this source
The OAS legal portal republishes the constitutions and some statutes of member states. It carries the Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as Chapter 2 of the Laws of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Revised Edition 1990, printing United Kingdom S.I. 1979 No. 916 as amended by Act 21 of 1986 and Act 15 of 1988 - the only copy of the Vincentian Constitution with a text layer that we could reach, the House of Assembly's own copy being an imageless scan.
Standing: Reports, establishes nothing
Cannot be cited for: It is a republisher and must never be cited for currency: the file is the 1990 edition, while Saint Vincent's own Acts now cite the Revised Edition 2009, in which chapter numbers have moved. The PDF is a two-up optical recognition of a printed book and its text layer carries recognition errors, so every quotation taken from it must be declared as a recognition and must be left with its errors intact. It must not be cited for any instrument other than the one it reproduces.
We re-read it every 365 days. More about this source
«Los bienes y servicios públicos de salud son propiedad del Estado y no podrán ser privatizados.»Our translation - not official
Public health goods and services are the property of the State and may not be privatised.
About this source
The OAS legal portal republishes the constitutions and some statutes of member states. It carries the Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as Chapter 2 of the Laws of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Revised Edition 1990, printing United Kingdom S.I. 1979 No. 916 as amended by Act 21 of 1986 and Act 15 of 1988 - the only copy of the Vincentian Constitution with a text layer that we could reach, the House of Assembly's own copy being an imageless scan.
Standing: Reports, establishes nothing
Cannot be cited for: It is a republisher and must never be cited for currency: the file is the 1990 edition, while Saint Vincent's own Acts now cite the Revised Edition 2009, in which chapter numbers have moved. The PDF is a two-up optical recognition of a printed book and its text layer carries recognition errors, so every quotation taken from it must be declared as a recognition and must be left with its errors intact. It must not be cited for any instrument other than the one it reproduces.
We re-read it every 365 days. More about this source
«Los servicios de salud garantizarán la protección de la salud a todos los habitantes del país y funcionarán de conformidad con los siguientes principios:»Our translation - not official
Health services shall guarantee the protection of health to all the inhabitants of the country and shall operate in accordance with the following principles:
Taken from our own recognition of the gazette facsimile the National Assembly publishes, which has no text layer.
«Todos tienen el derecho de acceder y recibir los servicios para la salud, sin discriminación de ninguna naturaleza.»Our translation - not official
Everyone has the right to reach and receive health services, without discrimination of any kind.
The first of the principles the article lists. Taken from our own recognition of a gazette facsimile with no text layer.
«Los extranjeros y extranjeras que se encuentren en el territorio de la República, tendrán los mismos derechos que los nacionales, sin más limitaciones que las establecidas en la Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela y las leyes.»Our translation - not official
Foreigners in the territory of the Republic shall have the same rights as nationals, with no limitations other than those laid down in the Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and the laws.
About this source
The OAS legal portal republishes the constitutions and some statutes of member states. It carries the Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as Chapter 2 of the Laws of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Revised Edition 1990, printing United Kingdom S.I. 1979 No. 916 as amended by Act 21 of 1986 and Act 15 of 1988 - the only copy of the Vincentian Constitution with a text layer that we could reach, the House of Assembly's own copy being an imageless scan.
Standing: Reports, establishes nothing
Cannot be cited for: It is a republisher and must never be cited for currency: the file is the 1990 edition, while Saint Vincent's own Acts now cite the Revised Edition 2009, in which chapter numbers have moved. The PDF is a two-up optical recognition of a printed book and its text layer carries recognition errors, so every quotation taken from it must be declared as a recognition and must be left with its errors intact. It must not be cited for any instrument other than the one it reproduces.
We re-read it every 365 days. More about this source
Practical notes
These are the texts that state the entitlement. They say nothing about what a hospital can supply on a given day, and nothing we read is evidence about that.
The health law in force is the 1998 Act, reprinted in the gazette in November 1998 for a printing error. The Constitution that governs it came a year later.
- reportsConstitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, Gaceta Oficial Extraordinaria N° 36.860 de 30 de diciembre de 1999
Organization of American States - Department of International Law · consolidated to 1999-12-30
About this source
The OAS legal portal republishes the constitutions and some statutes of member states. It carries the Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as Chapter 2 of the Laws of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Revised Edition 1990, printing United Kingdom S.I. 1979 No. 916 as amended by Act 21 of 1986 and Act 15 of 1988 - the only copy of the Vincentian Constitution with a text layer that we could reach, the House of Assembly's own copy being an imageless scan.
Standing: Reports, establishes nothing
Cannot be cited for: It is a republisher and must never be cited for currency: the file is the 1990 edition, while Saint Vincent's own Acts now cite the Revised Edition 2009, in which chapter numbers have moved. The PDF is a two-up optical recognition of a printed book and its text layer carries recognition errors, so every quotation taken from it must be declared as a recognition and must be left with its errors intact. It must not be cited for any instrument other than the one it reproduces.
We re-read it every 365 days. More about this source
- adjudicatesConstitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, Gaceta Oficial Extraordinaria N° 5.453 de 24 de marzo de 2000
Tribunal Supremo de Justicia · consolidated to 2000-03-24
About this source
Venezuela's supreme court. Its historical site carries a legislation section with the full text of the Constitution as reprinted in Gaceta Oficial Extraordinaria N° 5.453 of 24 March 2000, and the texts of the laws governing the judiciary. It is used here to corroborate the constitutional articles quoted from the OAS copy, which is the only clean text layer we could reach.
Standing: Decides what it means
Cannot be cited for: Its legislation section holds only judiciary-related statutes and the Constitution; there is no migration, tax or customs law there, and the directory itself answers 403 while leaves.shtml is a 404. Its server sends an incomplete certificate chain and is unreachable without supplying the missing GoDaddy intermediate. It cannot carry a long quotation: the extraction service renders the page with a literal line-break tag every few words, and a direct fetch mis-decodes its ISO-8859-1 encoding and destroys every accent, which is exactly the failure the quote check exists to catch. Quote short fragments that fall between breaks, or quote elsewhere and corroborate here.
We re-read it every 365 days. More about this source
- issuesLey Orgánica de Salud, reimpresa en la Gaceta Oficial N° 36.579 de 11 de noviembre de 1998
Asamblea Nacional de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela
About this source
Venezuela's legislature, and the only reachable index of Venezuelan law. Its database of laws in force gives, for each instrument, the Gaceta Oficial number and date, the vacatio legis, what it repealed, a condition flag reading 'Vigencia Total', and a PDF of the gazette page. It carries decretos constituyentes and decretos-leyes as well as its own Acts, so the 2015 income tax law, the 2020 Tax Code and the 2020 customs law are all here. With the Imprenta Nacional's gazette service unreachable, this is the nearest thing to the publisher of record that can be read.
Standing: Issues the instrument
Cannot be cited for: Its PDFs are scans with no text layer - OmniPage output, jbig2 images, pdftotext returns nothing - so anything quoted from them is our own recognition and must carry extractMethod 'ocr'. The recognition reads the gazette's two columns out of order, drops article headings and whole numerals, and on at least one law invents text outright: the Ley Orgánica de Aduanas comes back with Chinese characters spliced into Spanish clauses. A negative claim must never rest on a reading taken from here. It must not be cited for the law as consolidated either: each PDF is one gazette issue, and where that issue reprints a single text the reprint date is the date of the last amendment, not a sweep. There is no working site search and no working pagination - every listing URL with a query string returns an empty response to both Firecrawl and a direct fetch - so an instrument can only be found by guessing its slug, and failing to find one here is not evidence that it does not exist.
We re-read it every 180 days. More about this source
- issuesAsamblea Nacional - Ley Orgánica de Salud
Asamblea Nacional de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela
About this source
Venezuela's legislature, and the only reachable index of Venezuelan law. Its database of laws in force gives, for each instrument, the Gaceta Oficial number and date, the vacatio legis, what it repealed, a condition flag reading 'Vigencia Total', and a PDF of the gazette page. It carries decretos constituyentes and decretos-leyes as well as its own Acts, so the 2015 income tax law, the 2020 Tax Code and the 2020 customs law are all here. With the Imprenta Nacional's gazette service unreachable, this is the nearest thing to the publisher of record that can be read.
Standing: Issues the instrument
Cannot be cited for: Its PDFs are scans with no text layer - OmniPage output, jbig2 images, pdftotext returns nothing - so anything quoted from them is our own recognition and must carry extractMethod 'ocr'. The recognition reads the gazette's two columns out of order, drops article headings and whole numerals, and on at least one law invents text outright: the Ley Orgánica de Aduanas comes back with Chinese characters spliced into Spanish clauses. A negative claim must never rest on a reading taken from here. It must not be cited for the law as consolidated either: each PDF is one gazette issue, and where that issue reprints a single text the reprint date is the date of the last amendment, not a sweep. There is no working site search and no working pagination - every listing URL with a query string returns an empty response to both Firecrawl and a direct fetch - so an instrument can only be found by guessing its slug, and failing to find one here is not evidence that it does not exist.
We re-read it every 180 days. More about this source
- reportsLey de Extranjería y Migración, Gaceta Oficial N° 37.944 de 24 de mayo de 2004
Organization of American States - Department of International Law
About this source
The OAS legal portal republishes the constitutions and some statutes of member states. It carries the Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as Chapter 2 of the Laws of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Revised Edition 1990, printing United Kingdom S.I. 1979 No. 916 as amended by Act 21 of 1986 and Act 15 of 1988 - the only copy of the Vincentian Constitution with a text layer that we could reach, the House of Assembly's own copy being an imageless scan.
Standing: Reports, establishes nothing
Cannot be cited for: It is a republisher and must never be cited for currency: the file is the 1990 edition, while Saint Vincent's own Acts now cite the Revised Edition 2009, in which chapter numbers have moved. The PDF is a two-up optical recognition of a printed book and its text layer carries recognition errors, so every quotation taken from it must be declared as a recognition and must be left with its errors intact. It must not be cited for any instrument other than the one it reproduces.
We re-read it every 365 days. More about this source