Temporary Residency Through Marriage or Civil Partnership
Answer
The general rule applies to you
No exception is recorded for citizens of Venezuela on this topic. That is the answer, not a gap - everything below is the rule you get, unchanged.
81 exceptions recorded across 33 countries · none match Venezuela to Chile · Residency through marriage
Marriage to a Chilean, or to a foreigner who already holds permanent residency, opens the family reunification permit - one of the few Chilean residence permits that can be applied for from inside the country rather than from abroad. Two features set it apart from every other route. The application is not yours to file: the Chilean spouse or permanent resident lodges it in their own name with their Chilean digital identity. And the route does not exist if your spouse holds only temporary residency - in that case you come in as their dependant, which is a weaker permit tied to theirs.
At a glance
- Who qualifies
- Spouse, or partner in an arrangement equivalent to marriage, of a Chilean or a permanent resident
- Where you apply
- From inside Chile or from abroad
Family reunification is one of the named exceptions to the rule that residence applications are filed from outside Chile.
- Who files it
- Your Chilean or permanent-resident spouse, not you
- Paid work
- Permitted
- Spouse holds only temporary residency
- This route does not apply - the dependant permit does
- Leads to permanent residency
- Yes, and the statute protects that for this category
- Normal wait for permanent residency
- 24 months of temporary residency
- Possible reduction
- Down to 12 months on family ties to a Chilean or a permanent resident
- Cost of permanent residency for the spouse of a Chilean
- Exempt from payment
- Naturalisation afterwards
- 2 years of continuous residence as a permanent resident, if married at least 2 years, the marriage registered in Chile, and living in a common home
- Renewal
- The relationship must still be current
Requirements
- A spouse, or a partner in an arrangement that produces effects equivalent to marriage under the applicable law, who is Chilean or holds Chilean permanent residency
- A marriage certificate, or the certificate of the civilly equivalent arrangement
- A valid passport, valid for at least a year at the date of the application
- A criminal record certificate for applicants over 18, from your country of origin or wherever you lived in the last five years
- The application is filed by the Chilean or permanent resident spouse, through the migration service's platform, using their ClaveÚnica
- At renewal: proof that the relationship is still current
In detail
Your spouse files it, not you
Article 16 puts the application in the hands of the Chilean or permanent resident, filed on the migration service's platform with their Chilean digital identity. That is unusual and it has consequences. If the relationship is strained, the person who needs the permit is not the person who controls the application. If the sponsor is abroad without a ClaveÚnica, or is a permanent resident who has never set one up, the file cannot be lodged until that is fixed. Nothing else in the Chilean system works this way.
Permanent residency, and it is free
Family ties sit in the statute's protected list, so the path from this permit to permanent residency cannot be closed by decree. The ordinary wait is 24 months, and family ties to a Chilean or a permanent resident are one of the grounds on which it can be cut - to no less than 12 months, which is the floor the law sets. The migration service also states that where the applicant has a Chilean spouse, permanent residency is exempt from payment. Everyone else pays on a scale tied to the non-remunerational minimum income.
Marriage to a temporary resident is a different, weaker thing
The article is explicit that family unity for temporary residents is handled by the dependant permits in Title Three instead. A dependant permit is granted in the holder's shadow: it is tied to the validity of their permit, and the holder has to show economic activity or stable income sufficient to maintain the people applying under them. So the same marriage produces a permit of your own if your spouse is Chilean or a permanent resident, and a permit that lives or dies with theirs if your spouse is a temporary resident. Anyone planning a move as a couple should settle which of the two they are in before booking anything.
Not only marriage
The wording of letter a) is "cónyuge u otra figura análoga" - a spouse or another analogous figure which, under the applicable law, produces effects equivalent to marriage. It is drafted to catch Chile's own civil union agreement and comparable arrangements formed abroad, rather than listing them. The evidence asked for follows the same shape: a marriage certificate, or the certificate of the civilly equivalent arrangement.
Country-level policy
Chile's migration law and the decree that lists every residence subcategory do not name a single country between them. We searched both consolidated texts for every neighbour, for Spain, Italy, Japan and Korea, for Mercosur and for the Andean Community, and there are no hits at all. That is not the same as saying Chile treats everyone alike. It means every rule that turns on your passport has been delegated somewhere else: to a treaty, to the supreme decree that fixes which nationalities need a consular visa, to the supreme decree that sets permit fees on a reciprocity basis, or to the transport ministry's licence treaties. If you are looking for what your nationality changes in Chile, the law is the wrong place to look.
Every Chilean residence route runs through the same gate. Permanent residency normally needs 24 months of temporary residency in a subcategory that admits the application, and that number is not fixed: time spent out of the country pushes it up on a published scale that reaches 48 months, while family ties, a pension, an investment or a recognised contribution can pull it down to 12. Once granted it is indefinite, but it lapses by itself after two continuous years abroad. This is the fact that decides how long each of the residence topics on this page actually takes.
What applies to you
Nothing changes for a citizen of Venezuela
We have no rule recorded that treats your citizenship differently here, so the general rule above is the one that applies to you. That is an answer, not a gap.
What the law says
«1\. Extranjeros que acrediten tener vínculos de familia con chilenos o con residentes definitivos.»Our translation - not official
1. Foreigners who demonstrate family ties with Chileans or with permanent residents.
One of the thirteen situations the law obliges the subcategory decree to cover, so this route cannot be removed by decree alone.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«El decreto supremo señalado en el inciso primero definirá para cada subcategoría migratoria, la admisibilidad de la postulación a la residencia definitiva, siendo siempre admisible en las situaciones descritas en los numerales 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10 y 12 de este artículo.»Our translation - not official
The supreme decree referred to in the first paragraph shall define, for each migratory subcategory, whether an application for permanent residency is admissible, such application always being admissible in the situations described in numbers 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10 and 12 of this article.
Number 1 is the family-ties slot, and it is inside the protected list - so the path on to permanent residency here rests on the statute, not on the decree's goodwill.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«Artículo 12.- Aquel extranjero que acredite, en la forma regulada en este párrafo, tener alguno de los vínculos que se señalan a continuación con un chileno o con un extranjero titular de un permiso de residencia definitiva, podrá acceder a un permiso de residencia temporal por reunificación familiar.»Our translation - not official
Article 12.- A foreigner who demonstrates, in the manner governed by this paragraph, one of the ties set out below with a Chilean or with a foreigner holding a permanent residence permit, may obtain a temporary residence permit by family reunification.
The anchor is a Chilean or a permanent resident. A temporary resident's spouse is outside this article entirely.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«a) cónyuge u otra figura análoga que, de conformidad con el derecho aplicable, produzca efectos equivalentes al matrimonio»Our translation - not official
a) spouse or other analogous figure which, under the applicable law, produces effects equivalent to marriage
Quoted as published, with no full stop at the end. The wording reaches beyond marriage: what matters is that the applicable law gives the arrangement effects equivalent to marriage, which is what brings Chile's own civil union and comparable foreign arrangements inside the article.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«En el caso de los residentes temporales la protección de la unidad familiar se hará mediante los permisos previstos en el título tercero del presente decreto.»Our translation - not official
In the case of temporary residents, protection of family unity shall be effected through the permits provided for in Title Three of this decree.
The sentence that decides which route you are on. Title Three is the dependant permit: it is granted in the holder's shadow and it lapses with theirs, which is a materially different thing from a permit of your own.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«Respecto del literal a), certificado de matrimonio o de la figura civilmente homologable.»Our translation - not official
As regards letter a), a marriage certificate or that of the civilly equivalent arrangement.
The entire evidential burden for the marriage route is one certificate. There is no income test and no interview in the decree.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«Artículo 16.- Las solicitudes de permiso de residencia temporal por reunificación familiar deberán ser efectuadas por el chileno o residente definitivo con el cual el extranjero tiene el vínculo en que se basa esta subcategoría, mediante la plataforma electrónica proporcionada por el Servicio Nacional de Migraciones, utilizando para ello la clave única proporcionada por el Servicio de Registro Civil e Identificación u otro sistema de autentificación digital que la reemplace.»Our translation - not official
Article 16.- Applications for a temporary residence permit by family reunification must be made by the Chilean or permanent resident with whom the foreigner has the tie on which this subcategory is based, through the electronic platform provided by the National Migration Service, using for that purpose the clave única provided by the Civil Registry and Identification Service or another digital authentication system replacing it.
Quoted as published, including the lower-case "clave única" where the service brands it ClaveÚnica. This is the practical trap of the route: the applicant cannot file it, and a sponsor without a Chilean digital identity cannot file it either.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«Artículo 15.- Los titulares del permiso de residencia temporal regulado en el presente párrafo podrán desempeñar actividades lícitas remuneradas, sin perjuicio de las limitaciones que establece el Código del Trabajo en materia de capacidad para contratar menores de edad.»Our translation - not official
Article 15.- Holders of the temporary residence permit governed by this paragraph may carry out lawful paid activities, without prejudice to the limitations established by the Labour Code regarding capacity to contract with minors.
Work is permitted outright; no employer sponsorship and no separate work authorisation.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«Artículo 14.- Los extranjeros que deseen solicitar la prórroga de este permiso de residencia, deberán acreditar, en la forma establecida por este decreto, que mantienen vigente el vínculo con la persona de nacionalidad chilena o titular de la residencia vigente.»Our translation - not official
Article 14.- Foreigners wishing to apply for an extension of this residence permit must demonstrate, in the manner established by this decree, that the tie with the Chilean national or the holder of current residency remains in force.
The permit is tied to the relationship for as long as it is temporary. A separation before permanent residency is reached is a migration problem as well as a personal one.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«Artículo 4º.- Las solicitudes de permisos de residencia temporal deberán realizarse desde el extranjero, salvo en el caso de las solicitudes referidas a la subcategoría de reunificación familiar y las subcategorías de residencia temporal fundadas en razones humanitarias, así como aquellas de personas cuya estadía sea concordante con los objetivos de la Política Nacional de Migración y Extranjería, y en otros casos debidamente calificados por la Subsecretaría del Interior mediante resolución, previo informe del Servicio, las que también podrán realizarse en territorio nacional.»Our translation - not official
Article 4.- Applications for temporary residence permits must be made from abroad, except in the case of applications relating to the family reunification subcategory and the temporary residence subcategories founded on humanitarian reasons, as well as those of persons whose stay is consistent with the objectives of the National Migration and Foreign Nationals Policy, and in other cases duly qualified by the Undersecretariat of the Interior by resolution, following a report from the Service, which may also be made within national territory.
Chile's default is that you apply from outside the country, and this route is a named exception. It is the reason a visitor already in Chile who marries a Chilean is not forced to leave and start again.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«- Si la persona extranjera tiene cónyuge chileno/a, el beneficio está exento de pago.»Our translation - not official
- If the foreign person has a Chilean spouse, the benefit is exempt from payment.
Permanent residency is charged on a scale tied to the non-remunerational minimum income, except here. The exemption is published by the migration service; we have not traced it to the fee decree.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The agency created by Ley 21.325 that grants, extends and revokes residence permits and decides nationalisation files. Its pages carry a per-page update date, which makes staleness visible without a diff.
Standing: Decides what it means
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages summarise and occasionally narrow it. Not fees, which sit on a separate schedule expressed relative to the minimum income. Not the visa-required country list, which it hands to the foreign ministry. Nothing on tax or health entitlement.
We re-read it every 45 days. More about this source
«1\. Los que tengan la calidad de cónyuge de chileno, a lo menos durante dos años y cuyo matrimonio se encuentre inscrito en Chile, siempre que en el mismo periodo se cumpla lo dispuesto en el artículo 133 del Código Civil.»Our translation - not official
1. Those who have the status of spouse of a Chilean for at least two years and whose marriage is registered in Chile, provided that during the same period the provisions of article 133 of the Civil Code are complied with.
Article 133 of the Civil Code is the duty of spouses to live in the common home. Chile writes the cohabitation test as a cross-reference rather than spelling it out, which is easy to read past.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«Artículo 79.- Postulación de los residentes temporales titulares. Se podrá otorgar la residencia definitiva a los extranjeros titulares de un permiso de residencia temporal que admita su postulación y que hayan residido en el país en tal calidad por a lo menos veinticuatro meses.»Our translation - not official
Article 79.- Application by temporary residents holding a permit in their own right. Permanent residency may be granted to foreigners holding a temporary residence permit that admits the application and who have resided in the country in that capacity for at least twenty-four months.
The twenty-four months are written in words. This is the ordinary wait, and it is the number the reduction and the extension both move away from.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«El reglamento señalado en el inciso precedente podrá también establecer un plazo de residencia temporal para postular a la residencia definitiva inferior a dos años, pero no menor a uno, en atención a las siguientes circunstancias personales del interesado:»Our translation - not official
The regulation referred to in the preceding paragraph may also establish a period of temporary residency for applying for permanent residency of less than two years, but not less than one, having regard to the following personal circumstances of the interested party:
The statute sets the floor in years and in words - not less than one - and leaves the actual figure to the regulation. The migration service publishes it as twelve months.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«el plazo mínimo de residencia exigido **puede reducirse a 12 meses**, considerando las siguientes circunstancias personales:»Our translation - not official
the minimum period of residence required may be reduced to 12 months, taking the following personal circumstances into account:
The agency's figure, expressed in months and in digits, for what the statute writes as "not less than one" year. The two agree. The service attributes it to article 79 of the law and article 66 of the regulation; we have read the former and not the latter.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The agency created by Ley 21.325 that grants, extends and revokes residence permits and decides nationalisation files. Its pages carry a per-page update date, which makes staleness visible without a diff.
Standing: Decides what it means
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages summarise and occasionally narrow it. Not fees, which sit on a separate schedule expressed relative to the minimum income. Not the visa-required country list, which it hands to the foreign ministry. Nothing on tax or health entitlement.
We re-read it every 45 days. More about this source
Practical notes
Documents issued abroad must be apostilled or legalised, and documents from public bodies must generally be no more than 60 days old when filed, 30 days for documents from private entities.
Naturalisation on the strength of a marriage is a separate step with its own clock: two years of continuous residence as a permanent resident, married for at least two years, the marriage registered in Chile, and the couple living in a common home.
We read the migration law and the subcategory decree for this route. The migration service's own page for the family reunification subcategory is not in our store and was not read, so we have not compared the decree's two-document file against the list the agency actually publishes.
The civil union agreement is recognised through the general wording about arrangements with effects equivalent to marriage rather than by name, and we did not read the civil union law itself.
- consolidatesDecreto 177 de 2022 - establece las subcategorías migratorias de residencia temporal
Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile (Ley Chile)
About this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
- consolidatesLey 21.325, Ley de Migración y Extranjería - texto consolidado
Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile (Ley Chile)
About this source
The National Congress Library's consolidated-law service. Publishes each norm as a dated, versioned consolidated text with amendment provenance in the margin and an explicit last-version date.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: Holds the text and nothing about how it is applied - no practice, forms, fees or processing times. It also does not follow delegation: Ley 21.325 art. 27 hands the visa-required country list to a supreme decree, and reading art. 27 tells you nothing about that list. Beware the printing view, where margin notes interleave into the middle of sentences, so a quotation taken from a rendered page will not match the stored text.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
- adjudicatesSubcategorías de Residencia Temporal
Servicio Nacional de Migraciones (Chile)
About this source
The agency created by Ley 21.325 that grants, extends and revokes residence permits and decides nationalisation files. Its pages carry a per-page update date, which makes staleness visible without a diff.
Standing: Decides what it means
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages summarise and occasionally narrow it. Not fees, which sit on a separate schedule expressed relative to the minimum income. Not the visa-required country list, which it hands to the foreign ministry. Nothing on tax or health entitlement.
We re-read it every 45 days. More about this source
- adjudicatesRequisitos de Residencia Definitiva
Servicio Nacional de Migraciones (Chile)
About this source
The agency created by Ley 21.325 that grants, extends and revokes residence permits and decides nationalisation files. Its pages carry a per-page update date, which makes staleness visible without a diff.
Standing: Decides what it means
Cannot be cited for: Not the text of the law - its pages summarise and occasionally narrow it. Not fees, which sit on a separate schedule expressed relative to the minimum income. Not the visa-required country list, which it hands to the foreign ministry. Nothing on tax or health entitlement.
We re-read it every 45 days. More about this source