Study Is a Defined List, Not a Word, and Once You Are Here You May Work Without Any Permit at All
Answer
The general rule applies to you
No exception is recorded for citizens of Ireland on this topic. That is the answer, not a gap - everything below is the rule you get, unchanged.
147 exceptions recorded across 54 countries · none match Ireland to Czechia · Residency as a student
A student's residence rests on two provisions reading in opposite directions. Section 42d of Act No. 326/1999 Sb. opens the long-term residence permit to a foreign national intending to stay for more than three months where the stay is study within the meaning of section 64 - and section 64 is a closed list: accredited university programmes, preparatory language and subject courses run by a public university, secondary and higher vocational education inside an exchange programme, scholarship stays under treaties or ministry programmes, and traineeships. A private language course that is not one of those is not study. Against that, the work side is unusually open. Section 98(j) of Act No. 435/2004 Sb. needs no permit, card or authorisation for a foreign national who is systematically preparing for a future occupation, and section 5(d) of the same Act defines that as full-time study at a secondary school, conservatory, higher vocational school, a language school with the right to hold the state language examination, or full-time university study, holidays included. There is no hour cap. The trade-off comes later: under section 68(2)(d) time spent on a study permit counts only half towards the five years for permanent residence.
At a glance
- What counts as study
- The closed list in section 64 of Act No. 326/1999 Sb.
Accredited university programmes, university-run preparatory courses, exchange-programme secondary and higher vocational education, treaty or ministry scholarship stays, and traineeships.
- Work permit while studying
- None required of a full-time student
Section 98(j) of Act No. 435/2004 Sb., read with the definition in section 5(d).
- Cap on hours worked
- None stated in Act No. 435/2004 Sb. or in Act No. 326/1999 Sb.
Neither the exemption in section 98(j) nor the definition in section 5(d) sets a weekly limit, which is where Czechia parts company with Luxembourg's fifteen hours a week.
- How study time counts towards permanent residence
- Half
Section 68(2)(d)(1) of Act No. 326/1999 Sb., against the five continuous years in section 68(1).
- After graduating
- A long-term permit to look for work or start a business
Section 42(3) of Act No. 326/1999 Sb., open to a holder of a study or research permit on completing it.
Requirements
- An intended stay longer than three months whose purpose is study as section 64 defines it
- Admission to one of the forms of study on that list, not merely a course
- The ordinary documents under section 31(1): purpose, funds, accommodation, photographs
- Comprehensive travel health insurance from an insurer licensed in Czechia, once you are extending or applying from inside
What applies to you
Nothing changes for a citizen of Ireland
We have no rule recorded that treats your citizenship differently here, so the general rule above is the one that applies to you. That is an answer, not a gap.
What the law says
«pokud na území hodlá pobývat přechodně po dobu delší než 3 měsíce a jde-li o studium podle § 64.»Our translation - not official
where they intend to stay temporarily on the territory for longer than 3 months and where it is study under section 64.
The permit is tied to the statutory definition, not to the idea of studying.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The Czech state's own legal information system, run by the Ministry of the Interior and in service since 1 January 2024, which publishes the Sbírka zákonů a mezinárodních smluv and maintains every Act as a series of point-in-time versions. Three addresses serve the same material and they behave differently. e-sbirka.gov.cz (to which www.e-sbirka.cz redirects with HTTP 308) is an Angular single-page application: every address answers with the same 1,040-byte shell, and the text only appears once JavaScript has run, so it is readable by the extraction service and by nothing else. e-sbirka.gov.cz/sbr-externi is the JSON API the application calls; /dokumenty-sbirky/{staleUrl}/obsah returns the table of contents for a version, where staleUrl is the URL-encoded /sb/{year}/{number}/{YYYY-MM-DD}, and /dokumenty-sbirky/{dokumentId}/detail-zneni returns the version's title, its citation and the dates it is in force between. opendata.eselpoint.gov.cz/esel-esb serves the same corpus as linked data under ELIs of the form /eli/cz/sb/{year}/{number}, where the act's page lists every version it has ever had, which is how the version in force on a given day is found rather than guessed. Each version is also generated as a clean PDF and DOCX: POST-free GET to /sbr-externi/stahni/informativni-zneni/{dokumentId}/PDF returns a JSON body carrying a file id that is stable across calls, and /souborove-sluzby/soubory/{id} then serves the document itself.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: **The PDF and the web page are two manifestations of one document and neither is quotable throughout.** The generated PDF is typeset with soft hyphens at every line break - 2,055 of them in the 781,000 characters of Act No. 326/1999 Sb. - so a sentence that crosses a line comes out as 'na úze[soft hyphen] mí', and a quotation spanning one is unreadable even though it verifies. The web page has no hyphenation but doubles every term the CzechVoc dictionary links: 3,200 occurrences in the same Act, where 'cizince' renders as 'cizincecizince' and 'zaměstnanecké karty' as 'zaměstnanecké kartyzaměstnanecké karty'. A quotation therefore has to be taken from whichever manifestation the sentence survives in, and some sentences survive in neither, so the quotation is cut short rather than tidied. The versions it serves are **informativní znění**, informative consolidations: the Collection as promulgated is what has legal force. A version carries no cut-off date inside the document - the date is in the file name, in the address and on the page that serves it, and that is where the consolidation dates recorded here come from. It cannot be cited for anything the Collection does not carry: the central register of vacancies open to employee-card holders is kept administratively, the government-approved migration programmes that Government Regulation No. 220/2019 Sb. relies on by name - the qualified employee programme, the highly qualified employee programme, the key and scientific personnel programme and a digital nomad programme - are approved by the government and published nowhere in it, and the per-embassy allowance actually remaining is published by each embassy under section 181b(3) rather than here. Section headings for repealed sections are omitted from a version entirely, so a gap in the numbering is a repeal and not a dropped page.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«Studiem se pro účely tohoto zákona rozumí a) studium v akreditovaných studijních programech na vysoké škole9k),»Our translation - not official
Study for the purposes of this Act means (a) study in accredited study programmes at a university,
The head of the list and its first item. Five more follow it.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The Czech state's own legal information system, run by the Ministry of the Interior and in service since 1 January 2024, which publishes the Sbírka zákonů a mezinárodních smluv and maintains every Act as a series of point-in-time versions. Three addresses serve the same material and they behave differently. e-sbirka.gov.cz (to which www.e-sbirka.cz redirects with HTTP 308) is an Angular single-page application: every address answers with the same 1,040-byte shell, and the text only appears once JavaScript has run, so it is readable by the extraction service and by nothing else. e-sbirka.gov.cz/sbr-externi is the JSON API the application calls; /dokumenty-sbirky/{staleUrl}/obsah returns the table of contents for a version, where staleUrl is the URL-encoded /sb/{year}/{number}/{YYYY-MM-DD}, and /dokumenty-sbirky/{dokumentId}/detail-zneni returns the version's title, its citation and the dates it is in force between. opendata.eselpoint.gov.cz/esel-esb serves the same corpus as linked data under ELIs of the form /eli/cz/sb/{year}/{number}, where the act's page lists every version it has ever had, which is how the version in force on a given day is found rather than guessed. Each version is also generated as a clean PDF and DOCX: POST-free GET to /sbr-externi/stahni/informativni-zneni/{dokumentId}/PDF returns a JSON body carrying a file id that is stable across calls, and /souborove-sluzby/soubory/{id} then serves the document itself.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: **The PDF and the web page are two manifestations of one document and neither is quotable throughout.** The generated PDF is typeset with soft hyphens at every line break - 2,055 of them in the 781,000 characters of Act No. 326/1999 Sb. - so a sentence that crosses a line comes out as 'na úze[soft hyphen] mí', and a quotation spanning one is unreadable even though it verifies. The web page has no hyphenation but doubles every term the CzechVoc dictionary links: 3,200 occurrences in the same Act, where 'cizince' renders as 'cizincecizince' and 'zaměstnanecké karty' as 'zaměstnanecké kartyzaměstnanecké karty'. A quotation therefore has to be taken from whichever manifestation the sentence survives in, and some sentences survive in neither, so the quotation is cut short rather than tidied. The versions it serves are **informativní znění**, informative consolidations: the Collection as promulgated is what has legal force. A version carries no cut-off date inside the document - the date is in the file name, in the address and on the page that serves it, and that is where the consolidation dates recorded here come from. It cannot be cited for anything the Collection does not carry: the central register of vacancies open to employee-card holders is kept administratively, the government-approved migration programmes that Government Regulation No. 220/2019 Sb. relies on by name - the qualified employee programme, the highly qualified employee programme, the key and scientific personnel programme and a digital nomad programme - are approved by the government and published nowhere in it, and the per-embassy allowance actually remaining is published by each embassy under section 181b(3) rather than here. Section headings for repealed sections are omitted from a version entirely, so a gap in the numbering is a repeal and not a dropped page.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«který se na území České republiky soustavně připravuje na budoucí povolání (§ 5),»Our translation - not official
who is systematically preparing on the territory of the Czech Republic for a future occupation (section 5),
One item of the exemption list in section 98, and the one that frees a student from needing any work authorisation.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The Czech state's own legal information system, run by the Ministry of the Interior and in service since 1 January 2024, which publishes the Sbírka zákonů a mezinárodních smluv and maintains every Act as a series of point-in-time versions. Three addresses serve the same material and they behave differently. e-sbirka.gov.cz (to which www.e-sbirka.cz redirects with HTTP 308) is an Angular single-page application: every address answers with the same 1,040-byte shell, and the text only appears once JavaScript has run, so it is readable by the extraction service and by nothing else. e-sbirka.gov.cz/sbr-externi is the JSON API the application calls; /dokumenty-sbirky/{staleUrl}/obsah returns the table of contents for a version, where staleUrl is the URL-encoded /sb/{year}/{number}/{YYYY-MM-DD}, and /dokumenty-sbirky/{dokumentId}/detail-zneni returns the version's title, its citation and the dates it is in force between. opendata.eselpoint.gov.cz/esel-esb serves the same corpus as linked data under ELIs of the form /eli/cz/sb/{year}/{number}, where the act's page lists every version it has ever had, which is how the version in force on a given day is found rather than guessed. Each version is also generated as a clean PDF and DOCX: POST-free GET to /sbr-externi/stahni/informativni-zneni/{dokumentId}/PDF returns a JSON body carrying a file id that is stable across calls, and /souborove-sluzby/soubory/{id} then serves the document itself.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: **The PDF and the web page are two manifestations of one document and neither is quotable throughout.** The generated PDF is typeset with soft hyphens at every line break - 2,055 of them in the 781,000 characters of Act No. 326/1999 Sb. - so a sentence that crosses a line comes out as 'na úze[soft hyphen] mí', and a quotation spanning one is unreadable even though it verifies. The web page has no hyphenation but doubles every term the CzechVoc dictionary links: 3,200 occurrences in the same Act, where 'cizince' renders as 'cizincecizince' and 'zaměstnanecké karty' as 'zaměstnanecké kartyzaměstnanecké karty'. A quotation therefore has to be taken from whichever manifestation the sentence survives in, and some sentences survive in neither, so the quotation is cut short rather than tidied. The versions it serves are **informativní znění**, informative consolidations: the Collection as promulgated is what has legal force. A version carries no cut-off date inside the document - the date is in the file name, in the address and on the page that serves it, and that is where the consolidation dates recorded here come from. It cannot be cited for anything the Collection does not carry: the central register of vacancies open to employee-card holders is kept administratively, the government-approved migration programmes that Government Regulation No. 220/2019 Sb. relies on by name - the qualified employee programme, the highly qualified employee programme, the key and scientific personnel programme and a digital nomad programme - are approved by the government and published nowhere in it, and the per-embassy allowance actually remaining is published by each embassy under section 181b(3) rather than here. Section headings for repealed sections are omitted from a version entirely, so a gap in the numbering is a repeal and not a dropped page.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«soustavnou přípravou na budoucí povolání doba denního studia na střední škole, konzervatoři, vyšší odborné škole a jazykové škole s právem státní jazykové zkoušky a doba prezenčního studia na vysoké škole9), a to včetně prázdnin, které jsou součástí školního nebo akademického roku,»Our translation - not official
systematic preparation for a future occupation means the period of full-time study at a secondary school, conservatory, higher vocational school and language school with the right to hold the state language examination, and the period of full-time study at a university, including the holidays that form part of the school or academic year,
The definition section 98(j) points at. Full-time is the condition; no number of hours appears anywhere in it.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The Czech state's own legal information system, run by the Ministry of the Interior and in service since 1 January 2024, which publishes the Sbírka zákonů a mezinárodních smluv and maintains every Act as a series of point-in-time versions. Three addresses serve the same material and they behave differently. e-sbirka.gov.cz (to which www.e-sbirka.cz redirects with HTTP 308) is an Angular single-page application: every address answers with the same 1,040-byte shell, and the text only appears once JavaScript has run, so it is readable by the extraction service and by nothing else. e-sbirka.gov.cz/sbr-externi is the JSON API the application calls; /dokumenty-sbirky/{staleUrl}/obsah returns the table of contents for a version, where staleUrl is the URL-encoded /sb/{year}/{number}/{YYYY-MM-DD}, and /dokumenty-sbirky/{dokumentId}/detail-zneni returns the version's title, its citation and the dates it is in force between. opendata.eselpoint.gov.cz/esel-esb serves the same corpus as linked data under ELIs of the form /eli/cz/sb/{year}/{number}, where the act's page lists every version it has ever had, which is how the version in force on a given day is found rather than guessed. Each version is also generated as a clean PDF and DOCX: POST-free GET to /sbr-externi/stahni/informativni-zneni/{dokumentId}/PDF returns a JSON body carrying a file id that is stable across calls, and /souborove-sluzby/soubory/{id} then serves the document itself.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: **The PDF and the web page are two manifestations of one document and neither is quotable throughout.** The generated PDF is typeset with soft hyphens at every line break - 2,055 of them in the 781,000 characters of Act No. 326/1999 Sb. - so a sentence that crosses a line comes out as 'na úze[soft hyphen] mí', and a quotation spanning one is unreadable even though it verifies. The web page has no hyphenation but doubles every term the CzechVoc dictionary links: 3,200 occurrences in the same Act, where 'cizince' renders as 'cizincecizince' and 'zaměstnanecké karty' as 'zaměstnanecké kartyzaměstnanecké karty'. A quotation therefore has to be taken from whichever manifestation the sentence survives in, and some sentences survive in neither, so the quotation is cut short rather than tidied. The versions it serves are **informativní znění**, informative consolidations: the Collection as promulgated is what has legal force. A version carries no cut-off date inside the document - the date is in the file name, in the address and on the page that serves it, and that is where the consolidation dates recorded here come from. It cannot be cited for anything the Collection does not carry: the central register of vacancies open to employee-card holders is kept administratively, the government-approved migration programmes that Government Regulation No. 220/2019 Sb. relies on by name - the qualified employee programme, the highly qualified employee programme, the key and scientific personnel programme and a digital nomad programme - are approved by the government and published nowhere in it, and the per-embassy allowance actually remaining is published by each embassy under section 181b(3) rather than here. Section headings for repealed sections are omitted from a version entirely, so a gap in the numbering is a repeal and not a dropped page.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
«jednou polovinou 1. doba pobytu na území na dlouhodobé vízum a na povolení k dlouhodobému pobytu vydaného za účelem studia»Our translation - not official
by one half, 1. the period of stay on the territory on a long-stay visa and on a long-term residence permit issued for the purpose of study
The cost of the student route, paid five years later.
Read it at the sourceAbout this source
The Czech state's own legal information system, run by the Ministry of the Interior and in service since 1 January 2024, which publishes the Sbírka zákonů a mezinárodních smluv and maintains every Act as a series of point-in-time versions. Three addresses serve the same material and they behave differently. e-sbirka.gov.cz (to which www.e-sbirka.cz redirects with HTTP 308) is an Angular single-page application: every address answers with the same 1,040-byte shell, and the text only appears once JavaScript has run, so it is readable by the extraction service and by nothing else. e-sbirka.gov.cz/sbr-externi is the JSON API the application calls; /dokumenty-sbirky/{staleUrl}/obsah returns the table of contents for a version, where staleUrl is the URL-encoded /sb/{year}/{number}/{YYYY-MM-DD}, and /dokumenty-sbirky/{dokumentId}/detail-zneni returns the version's title, its citation and the dates it is in force between. opendata.eselpoint.gov.cz/esel-esb serves the same corpus as linked data under ELIs of the form /eli/cz/sb/{year}/{number}, where the act's page lists every version it has ever had, which is how the version in force on a given day is found rather than guessed. Each version is also generated as a clean PDF and DOCX: POST-free GET to /sbr-externi/stahni/informativni-zneni/{dokumentId}/PDF returns a JSON body carrying a file id that is stable across calls, and /souborove-sluzby/soubory/{id} then serves the document itself.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: **The PDF and the web page are two manifestations of one document and neither is quotable throughout.** The generated PDF is typeset with soft hyphens at every line break - 2,055 of them in the 781,000 characters of Act No. 326/1999 Sb. - so a sentence that crosses a line comes out as 'na úze[soft hyphen] mí', and a quotation spanning one is unreadable even though it verifies. The web page has no hyphenation but doubles every term the CzechVoc dictionary links: 3,200 occurrences in the same Act, where 'cizince' renders as 'cizincecizince' and 'zaměstnanecké karty' as 'zaměstnanecké kartyzaměstnanecké karty'. A quotation therefore has to be taken from whichever manifestation the sentence survives in, and some sentences survive in neither, so the quotation is cut short rather than tidied. The versions it serves are **informativní znění**, informative consolidations: the Collection as promulgated is what has legal force. A version carries no cut-off date inside the document - the date is in the file name, in the address and on the page that serves it, and that is where the consolidation dates recorded here come from. It cannot be cited for anything the Collection does not carry: the central register of vacancies open to employee-card holders is kept administratively, the government-approved migration programmes that Government Regulation No. 220/2019 Sb. relies on by name - the qualified employee programme, the highly qualified employee programme, the key and scientific personnel programme and a digital nomad programme - are approved by the government and published nowhere in it, and the per-embassy allowance actually remaining is published by each embassy under section 181b(3) rather than here. Section headings for repealed sections are omitted from a version entirely, so a gap in the numbering is a repeal and not a dropped page.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
Practical notes
A language course on its own is only study where it is the university-run preparation for an accredited programme, or a course under a Union programme or a treaty. That is section 64(b), and it is narrower than the market in language schools suggests.
A student is not a public health insurance member on the strength of studying: section 2(1) of Act No. 48/1997 Sb. reaches permanent residents and employees, so a student without a job buys commercial cover under section 180j of Act No. 326/1999 Sb.
Students are exempt from the adaptation and integration course, by section 155b(3)(a) of Act No. 326/1999 Sb.
- consolidatesZákon č. 326/1999 Sb., o pobytu cizinců na území České republiky a o změně některých zákonů
e-Sbírka, Ministerstvo vnitra České republiky · consolidated to 2026-06-12
About this source
The Czech state's own legal information system, run by the Ministry of the Interior and in service since 1 January 2024, which publishes the Sbírka zákonů a mezinárodních smluv and maintains every Act as a series of point-in-time versions. Three addresses serve the same material and they behave differently. e-sbirka.gov.cz (to which www.e-sbirka.cz redirects with HTTP 308) is an Angular single-page application: every address answers with the same 1,040-byte shell, and the text only appears once JavaScript has run, so it is readable by the extraction service and by nothing else. e-sbirka.gov.cz/sbr-externi is the JSON API the application calls; /dokumenty-sbirky/{staleUrl}/obsah returns the table of contents for a version, where staleUrl is the URL-encoded /sb/{year}/{number}/{YYYY-MM-DD}, and /dokumenty-sbirky/{dokumentId}/detail-zneni returns the version's title, its citation and the dates it is in force between. opendata.eselpoint.gov.cz/esel-esb serves the same corpus as linked data under ELIs of the form /eli/cz/sb/{year}/{number}, where the act's page lists every version it has ever had, which is how the version in force on a given day is found rather than guessed. Each version is also generated as a clean PDF and DOCX: POST-free GET to /sbr-externi/stahni/informativni-zneni/{dokumentId}/PDF returns a JSON body carrying a file id that is stable across calls, and /souborove-sluzby/soubory/{id} then serves the document itself.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: **The PDF and the web page are two manifestations of one document and neither is quotable throughout.** The generated PDF is typeset with soft hyphens at every line break - 2,055 of them in the 781,000 characters of Act No. 326/1999 Sb. - so a sentence that crosses a line comes out as 'na úze[soft hyphen] mí', and a quotation spanning one is unreadable even though it verifies. The web page has no hyphenation but doubles every term the CzechVoc dictionary links: 3,200 occurrences in the same Act, where 'cizince' renders as 'cizincecizince' and 'zaměstnanecké karty' as 'zaměstnanecké kartyzaměstnanecké karty'. A quotation therefore has to be taken from whichever manifestation the sentence survives in, and some sentences survive in neither, so the quotation is cut short rather than tidied. The versions it serves are **informativní znění**, informative consolidations: the Collection as promulgated is what has legal force. A version carries no cut-off date inside the document - the date is in the file name, in the address and on the page that serves it, and that is where the consolidation dates recorded here come from. It cannot be cited for anything the Collection does not carry: the central register of vacancies open to employee-card holders is kept administratively, the government-approved migration programmes that Government Regulation No. 220/2019 Sb. relies on by name - the qualified employee programme, the highly qualified employee programme, the key and scientific personnel programme and a digital nomad programme - are approved by the government and published nowhere in it, and the per-embassy allowance actually remaining is published by each embassy under section 181b(3) rather than here. Section headings for repealed sections are omitted from a version entirely, so a gap in the numbering is a repeal and not a dropped page.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source
- consolidatesZákon č. 435/2004 Sb., o zaměstnanosti
e-Sbírka, Ministerstvo vnitra České republiky · consolidated to 2026-07-01
About this source
The Czech state's own legal information system, run by the Ministry of the Interior and in service since 1 January 2024, which publishes the Sbírka zákonů a mezinárodních smluv and maintains every Act as a series of point-in-time versions. Three addresses serve the same material and they behave differently. e-sbirka.gov.cz (to which www.e-sbirka.cz redirects with HTTP 308) is an Angular single-page application: every address answers with the same 1,040-byte shell, and the text only appears once JavaScript has run, so it is readable by the extraction service and by nothing else. e-sbirka.gov.cz/sbr-externi is the JSON API the application calls; /dokumenty-sbirky/{staleUrl}/obsah returns the table of contents for a version, where staleUrl is the URL-encoded /sb/{year}/{number}/{YYYY-MM-DD}, and /dokumenty-sbirky/{dokumentId}/detail-zneni returns the version's title, its citation and the dates it is in force between. opendata.eselpoint.gov.cz/esel-esb serves the same corpus as linked data under ELIs of the form /eli/cz/sb/{year}/{number}, where the act's page lists every version it has ever had, which is how the version in force on a given day is found rather than guessed. Each version is also generated as a clean PDF and DOCX: POST-free GET to /sbr-externi/stahni/informativni-zneni/{dokumentId}/PDF returns a JSON body carrying a file id that is stable across calls, and /souborove-sluzby/soubory/{id} then serves the document itself.
Standing: Maintains the text in force
Cannot be cited for: **The PDF and the web page are two manifestations of one document and neither is quotable throughout.** The generated PDF is typeset with soft hyphens at every line break - 2,055 of them in the 781,000 characters of Act No. 326/1999 Sb. - so a sentence that crosses a line comes out as 'na úze[soft hyphen] mí', and a quotation spanning one is unreadable even though it verifies. The web page has no hyphenation but doubles every term the CzechVoc dictionary links: 3,200 occurrences in the same Act, where 'cizince' renders as 'cizincecizince' and 'zaměstnanecké karty' as 'zaměstnanecké kartyzaměstnanecké karty'. A quotation therefore has to be taken from whichever manifestation the sentence survives in, and some sentences survive in neither, so the quotation is cut short rather than tidied. The versions it serves are **informativní znění**, informative consolidations: the Collection as promulgated is what has legal force. A version carries no cut-off date inside the document - the date is in the file name, in the address and on the page that serves it, and that is where the consolidation dates recorded here come from. It cannot be cited for anything the Collection does not carry: the central register of vacancies open to employee-card holders is kept administratively, the government-approved migration programmes that Government Regulation No. 220/2019 Sb. relies on by name - the qualified employee programme, the highly qualified employee programme, the key and scientific personnel programme and a digital nomad programme - are approved by the government and published nowhere in it, and the per-embassy allowance actually remaining is published by each embassy under section 181b(3) rather than here. Section headings for repealed sections are omitted from a version entirely, so a gap in the numbering is a repeal and not a dropped page.
We re-read it every 60 days. More about this source